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complement

 
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why does it give -5 as the output?
 
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The binary of 4 "00000100"
If you do a complement if becomes "11111011" which is actually -5.
Just remember this when you do a complement on a positive number the resulting negative number will be one greater than the original positive number with a negative sign.

~4 = -(4+1)

When we are doing a complement we are actually doing a two's complement.
 
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Negative Numbers in Java - Two's Complement
 
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