why while creating immutable class, fields are declared as private?

[khwaish singh]

while creating immutable class all the fields are declared as final so that their value cant be modified.this is okay but why we also declared them as private

[Junilu Lacar]

You don't have to declare them as private although that's the normal practice for instance members (fields). There are no hard and fast rules. You have to think about why you need to expose something as public and decide whether that's a good idea or not. A few things could factor into that decision: Java coding conventions (using getters instead of providing direct access to a field), encapsulation / information hiding, etc.