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left shift by -2!

 
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Hi,
following code gives o/p of -2147483648. why?
int i=2;
int j=-2;
S.o.p(i<<=j);
regards
maulin.
 
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Do a search in this forum for "bit shit." There is a ton of threads on that subject.
Rob
 
Maulin Vasavada
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Hi Rob,
none of them explains "negative" shifting i guess (i'm not sure tho)....if any thread explains that i'd love to go thru that...
i have a theory why it works the way it is working. here it is,
when we try to shift a number -ve times then it takes up the -ve presentation of the right operand and starts shifting it to right (unsigned shift) till it gets +3. then it stops and sees how many times it needed to shift to get +3. say it is N. then it shifts the left operand left N times.
if i have,
int i=5;
int j=-3;
5 = 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000101
-3 = 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111101
if we wonna do i<<= j then it would shift i left N = 29 times as it requires to shift -3 to the right 29times to get +3.
as for i>>=j it will obviously result into ZERO.
regards
maulin.
 
Rob Ross
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Well I will give you credit for theorizing ;p
But that's not quite what happens.
If the lefthand operand is of type long (64 bits) then only the last 6 bits of the right hand side are used. If the lefhand operand is an int (32 bits) then only the last 5 bits of the right hand operator are used.
2 << -2
is
00000000000000000000000000000010 << 1111111111111111111111111111110
But only the last 5 bits of the right hand side are used:
00000000000000000000000000000010 <<
11110
which is equivalent to 2 << 30 ...that last little 1 bit all by itself on the right side moves over 30 places until...
100000000000000000000000000000000
And that's the same value as Integer.MIN_VALUE, which as you discovered is -2147483648.
Rob
 
Maulin Vasavada
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yeah..Ros...
i could come up with equally +ve shift as u have 2<<30 after shown that only 5 LSB are used and in long only 6 LSB are used. actually, i didnt give thought to long
the reason i came up with such long theory to follow is, 'coz i started out with the thing in mind that when we do shifting left we "multiply" the number and when we do right shift we divide the no. (by 2 in each case). so, the logic i shd 've shd make some sense. i thought when we have right operand +ve. we can say that the left operand will be shifted as many times as i can shift my right operand to right till i get zero.
so, if i 've 4<<2 it means, 4 is multiplied by 2^2 (=0100) and so 4 must be shifted twice as,
0100 Shift right-----> 0010 Shift Right----> 0001 (can't go beyond as actually we 'll 've only integral part after division each time and so LSB in last stage is actually 0 (complice to my logic for -ve right operand but there i've requirement of +3 here and it is +1).
so, i reasoned in the manner i did. yeah but i agree that was little complex to follow first time. and i forgot to consider longs in it...
its easier to remember the way u phrased the theory in a single sentence

regards
maulin
 
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Hi Maulin,
You must not have performed the correct search. I gave a great answer in the following post:
http://www.javaranch.com/cgi-bin/ubb/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic&f=24&t=011652
Regards,
Manfred.
 
Maulin Vasavada
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hi manfred,
thanks for the link. it fits into my mind now that how -ve shifts works.
sorry for not performing extending search.
regards
maulin.
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