question frm Mock Test abt Bit shift operator

Hi,
I got one ques. frm Marcus Green Mock Test that says
Given the following variables which of the following lines will compile without error?
String s = "Hello";
long l = 99;
double d = 1.11;
int i = 1;
int j = 0;
1) j= i <<s;
2) j= i<<j;
3) j=i<<d;
4)j=i<<l;

ans given is
2)j= i<<j;
4)j=i<<l;
I can understand option 2)
but in option 4) how a int(32 bits) can be shifted to 99 places?
is it something wrong with my understanding please correct me?

To answer your question, it is valid to do something like say " 8 << 97 ".
This is the same as writing 8 << 1 . What you do is take the mod of 97 % 32 (which gives you the remainder of 1) .. and you left shift by the remainder value. Try writing a sample program, and you'll see.

I thought bitshifts had to be with integers or those types that can be implicitly cast UP to integers (32 bits). In that case, l = 99 is a long, so shouldn't it croak? After all, it doesn't actually check to see that long l fits in an int bucket...or is the long actually converted to 32 bits (chopping off anything left of 32 bits)?
Ross

Hi Ross:
Quot from JLS:

The type of each of the operands of a shift operator must be a primitive integral
type, or a compile-time error occurs.

long will be integral type.
Thanks
Barkat