I assume you mean what are the advantages of Ruby over some other programming language. I would say that Ruby thrives in terms of having a simple language (to read and understand) that still packs a serious punch. With Ruby you can do more with less in the sense that many times a given problem can be solved in far less ugliness with Ruby than with, say, Java or C#.
A lot of the "punch" is due to language features such as closures (and blocks) and meta-programming.
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