Doubt in the output of this program.

[Pinki Roy]

 class SomeClass {

	static int i =0;

	private static int increment(int i) {
		return ++i;
	}

	public SomeClass() {
		i = 1;
	}


	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.print(i);// output is 0
		System.out.print( increment(i));// output is 1
            System.out.print(i);// output is 0
	}
}

I don't understand why the second System.out.print(i);// output is 0 is producing the output 0.

Since i is a static variable I think it should have displayed 1. Please clarify.

[Swastik Dey]

When you are calling that increment function, you are passing a value 0 to it. It gets the value in that parameter variable i (not the static variable i), increases that and returns the incremented value of the parameter variable, means the static variable i is still unaffected.

[Joseph Mokenela]

Can you please clarify, the second println statement produces the output 1, not zero. In the future, please use the code tags when you post
a piece of code. It makes the code more readable.

What happens is that the

increment(i)

method increments the local variable i, not that static variable because it has been
shadowed.

[Anayonkar Shivalkar]

Pinki Roy wrote:Since i is a static variable I think it should have displayed 1

1) int variables are never initialized to 1 automatically.
2) while automatically initializing a variable, only two things matter : a) if it is a class variable(method local variables are never initialized to default value, except arrays); b) data-type of that variable. It doesn't matter if the variable is static or not.

Besides this, why do you think first print statement should print 1?

[Pinki Roy]

Joseph , Thank you so much for the clarification.

[Anayonkar Shivalkar]

Joseph Mokenela wrote:method increments the local variable i, not that static variable because it has been shadowed.

and I thought Pinki Roy is concerned about output of first print statement (I got confused because statement and comments are exactly same)