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what is localhost

 
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when we start apache tomcat server

http://localhost:8080/
i want to ask
what is localhost ?
is it the first program server is starting to initiate itself?
or its local machine name

i know we run server on port no 80(logical concept)
than why we write 8080

please help???
 
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Localhost is the name given to the local machine.
It's mapped to 127.0.0.1 in your machine's host file.

By default, Tomcat ships configured to run on port 8080.
This is most likely because it's first an app server and will often share a machine with a webserver (such as Apache httpd). You can configure Tomcat to run on port 80 by changing the port number in server.xml.

Note: On a Unix machine, only programs started by the root user can bind to ports below 1024. There are work arounds for this.
Search this forum to find them.
They've been discussed often here.
 
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