One good way to learn about web services is to visit a site like
http://www.programmableweb.com For
Java developers, another good way to learn about web services is by using a visual development environment that supports Web Services. That gives you an easy on ramp to get started with web services.
Two options here are:
1. WaveMaker: open source, visual development environment for building Web 2.0 Apps using Java, available at
http://www.wavemaker.com/downloads (full disclosure - I work here

)
2. Tibco GI: also open source, available at
http://www.tibco.com Either way, what you will get is a visual, WYSIWYG tool for building Java apps that call web services + some good sample apps.
For example, you can go see some good web services sample apps here:
http://www.wavemaker.com/products/demos.html Including an app which uses web services from Xignite to build a financial dashboard and another app which combines data from SalesForce, LinkedIn and Technorati.
Hope this helps!
