java.lang.NoSuchFieldError

[Glenda Karen]

Hello,

I am running code in an app to send data to a web service.
The app is in API 19 and I am using org.apache.httpcomponents

However I keep getting an error:
java.lang.NoSuchFieldError: org.apache.http.conn.ssl.AllowAllHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE
E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: Thread-66    Process: com.example.heartratesp2, PID: 1806    java.lang.NoSuchFieldError: org.apache.http.conn.ssl.AllowAllHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE        at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory.<clinit>(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.java:151)        at org.apache.http.client.fluent.Executor.<clinit>(Executor.java:78)        at org.apache.http.client.fluent.Request.execute(Request.java:177)        at com.example.Temp.MyConnection2.sendRequest(MyConnection2.java:101)        at com.example.Temp.MyConnection2.main(MyConnection2.java:276)        at com.example.Temp.Activity$1.run(Activity.java:202)        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:841)

The code looks like:

try {
            // Create the request
            Content content = Request.Post(uri)
                    .addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json")
                    // Set the JSON data as the body
                    .bodyString(data, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                    // Make the request and display the response.
                    .execute().returnContent();
            System.out.println(content);
        }

and running the request:

sendRequest(obj.toJSONString());

The build.gradle looks like:

dependencies {
    implementation 'com.microsoft.azure.sdk.iot:iot-device-client:1.29.2'
    implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.6'
    implementation 'com.squareup.okio:okio:1.6.0'
    implementation 'org.slf4j:slf4j-simple:1.6.2'
    implementation 'com.android.support:multidex:1.0.3'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    compile group: 'com.github.cliftonlabs', name: 'json-simple', version: '2.1.2'
    implementation 'org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:4.4.14'
    implementation  'org.apache.httpcomponents:fluent-hc:4.5.10'

Thanks so much!

[Ron McLeod]

It looks like org.apache.httpcomponents:fluent-hc:4.5.10 has a dependency on org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:4.5.10, and that httpclient jar contains the org.apache.http.conn.ssl.AllowAllHostnameVerifier class which is missing.

[Glenda Karen]

Thank you!

I tried adding the dependency but sill got the error:(

I checked the external library and I can see the class is there.

[Ron McLeod]

Glenda Karen wrote:I tried adding the dependency but sill got the error:(

I checked the external library and I can see the class is there.

Oh .. I guess the build system is added the dependency for you.

I created a simple (non Android) project using your code fragment with a single dependency on org.apache.httpcomponents:fluent-hc:4.5.10 and let Maven bring-in whatever else might be required.  It ran successfully without any exceptions.

import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.fluent.Content;
import org.apache.http.client.fluent.Request;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;

public class JR741800 {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
		new JR741800().test();
	}

	private void test() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
		final String uri = "https://httpbin.org/post";
		final String data = "{ \"name\" : \"Ron\", \"age\" : 102 }";

		// Create the request
		Content content = Request.Post(uri)
				.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json")
				// Set the JSON data as the body
				.bodyString(data, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON)
				// Make the request and display the response.
				.execute()
				.returnContent();
		System.out.println(content);
	}
}

{  "args": {},  "data": "{ \"name\" : \"Ron\", \"age\" : 102 }",  "files": {},  "form": {},  "headers": {    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip,deflate",    "Content-Length": "31",    "Content-Type": "application/json",    "Host": "httpbin.org",    "User-Agent": "Apache-HttpClient/4.5.10 (Java/1.8.0_211)",    "X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-6089a614-1a860e3e5e3ef3330a43ee02"  },  "json": {    "age": 102,    "name": "Ron"  },  "origin": "XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX",  "url": "https://httpbin.org/post" }
Maybe check to make sure that a different version of httpclient isn't being pulled-in by the framework or as a dependency for some other jar.

[Glenda Karen]

Thanks so much! Really appreciate your time helping me!

It seems one of the SDKs we are using in the app is calling maven.apache could that be the problem? and is there anything we can do about it?(since we need this sdk)

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

[Ron McLeod]

I am not actively working with Android so my advice may not be the best.

After reading this note from Apache, I understand that the Android framework contains a fork of the Apache code (httpclient, httpcore, etc.), and that it has not been kept current.  It seems like your code is picking up the Apache classes from the framework/SDK, and not the ones that you are specifying.  According to the note, the forked code was removed in API 26, so if you have the option to move to a more recent version of the SDK, that may solve your problem.  

Alternatively, you could use a different HTTP client/UA sock as OkHttp (I have used this before).  I don't think you would be able to use the latest version with API 19, but com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.14.9 would probably work (you would need to experiment a bit).

The equivalent to what you were doing with Apache would be something like this:

import java.io.IOException;
import okhttp3.MediaType;
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.RequestBody;
import okhttp3.Response;

...

final String uri = "https://httpbin.org/post";
final String data = "{ \"name\" : \"Ron\", \"age\" : 102 }";
final MediaType jsonContent = MediaType.get("application/json");

OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(jsonContent, data);
Request request = new Request.Builder()
		.url(uri)
		.post(body)
		.build();
Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
System.out.println(response.body().string());

[Glenda Karen]

Thanks so much!

Wow that is very interesting re apache.

At the moment the API needs to stay at 19 to be compatible with the devices the app is running on.

Perhaps though as you mentioned, I can use another library. I think java.net.HttpURLConnection; is compatible with API 19, so maybe that could be a solution.

Thanks again for all your help!

[Ron McLeod]

Glenda Karen wrote:At the moment the API needs to stay at 19 to be compatible with the devices the app is running on.

I had the same constraint with the last Android project I worked on.  We were using ruggedized industrial handsets which were running KitKat 4.4 (API 19).  It actually ended-up being a benefit for what we were doing (location tracking, PTT voice) since the earlier versions of Android were less restrictive on what system services could be accessed (many have been taken-away for security-related reasons), and were more permissive on allowing tasks to run unencumbered in the background (more restrictive now in an attempt to improve battery lifetime).

Good luck with your development.

[Glenda Karen]

Good to know API 19 is still being used and actually has some benefits too:)

Thanks so much again for all the help!

[Glenda Karen]

Hi Ron McLeod,

Just wanted to thank you again for your help! We used the OkHttp library as you suggested and it worked!

(We used verison com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.12.0 for Api 19)

[Ron McLeod]

You're welcome - glad to hear to got it working